Java/File Input Output/FileChannel
Содержание
- 1 A character output stream that sends output to a printer
- 2 Create an inputstream on the channel
- 3 Create a private (copy-on-write) memory-mapped file.
- 4 Create a read-only memory-mapped file
- 5 Create a read-write memory-mapped file
- 6 Creating a Stream from a Channel
- 7 Demonstrates file locking and simple file read and write operations using java.nio.channels.FileChannel
- 8 Get FileChannel from FileOutputStream and FileInputStream
- 9 Performs a straightforward copy operation
- 10 Read bytes from the specified channel, decode them using the specified Charset, and write the resulting characters to the specified writer
- 11 Transfer between FileChannel
- 12 Using FileChannels to Access a File
- 13 Write to a file using FileChannel.
A character output stream that sends output to a printer
<source lang="java">
/*
* Copyright (c) 2004 David Flanagan. All rights reserved. * This code is from the book Java Examples in a Nutshell, 3nd Edition. * It is provided AS-IS, WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY either expressed or implied. * You may study, use, and modify it for any non-commercial purpose, * including teaching and use in open-source projects. * You may distribute it non-commercially as long as you retain this notice. * For a commercial use license, or to purchase the book, * please visit http://www.davidflanagan.ru/javaexamples3. */
//package je3.print; import java.awt.Button; import java.awt.Dimension; import java.awt.Font; import java.awt.FontMetrics; import java.awt.Frame; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Panel; import java.awt.PrintJob; import java.awt.Toolkit; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.io.Writer; import java.text.DateFormat; import java.util.Date; import java.util.Properties; import java.util.TimeZone; /**
* A character output stream that sends output to a printer. */
public class HardcopyWriter extends Writer {
// These are the instance variables for the class
protected PrintJob job; // The PrintJob object in use
protected Graphics page; // Graphics object for current page
protected String jobname; // The name of the print job
protected int fontsize; // Point size of the font
protected String time; // Current time (appears in header)
protected Dimension pagesize; // Size of the page (in dots)
protected int pagedpi; // Page resolution in dots per inch
protected Font font, headerfont; // Body font and header font
protected FontMetrics metrics; // Metrics for the body font
protected FontMetrics headermetrics; // Metrics for the header font
protected int x0, y0; // Upper-left corner inside margin
protected int width, height; // Size (in dots) inside margins
protected int headery; // Baseline of the page header
protected int charwidth; // The width of each character
protected int lineheight; // The height of each line
protected int lineascent; // Offset of font baseline
protected int chars_per_line; // Number of characters per line
protected int lines_per_page; // Number of lines per page
protected int charnum = 0, linenum = 0; // Current column and line position
protected int pagenum = 0; // Current page number
// A field to save state between invocations of the write() method
private boolean last_char_was_return = false;
// A static variable that holds user preferences between print jobs
protected static Properties printprops = new Properties();
/**
* The constructor for this class has a bunch of arguments: The frame argument
* is required for all printing in Java. The jobname appears left justified at
* the top of each printed page. The font size is specified in points, as
* on-screen font sizes are. The margins are specified in inches (or fractions
* of inches).
*/
public HardcopyWriter(Frame frame, String jobname, int fontsize, double leftmargin,
double rightmargin, double topmargin, double bottommargin)
throws HardcopyWriter.PrintCanceledException {
// Get the PrintJob object with which we"ll do all the printing.
// The call is synchronized on the static printprops object, which
// means that only one print dialog can be popped up at a time.
// If the user clicks Cancel in the print dialog, throw an exception.
Toolkit toolkit = frame.getToolkit(); // get Toolkit from Frame
synchronized (printprops) {
job = toolkit.getPrintJob(frame, jobname, printprops);
}
if (job == null)
throw new PrintCanceledException("User cancelled print request");
pagesize = job.getPageDimension(); // query the page size
pagedpi = job.getPageResolution(); // query the page resolution
// Bug Workaround:
// On windows, getPageDimension() and getPageResolution don"t work, so
// we"ve got to fake them.
if (System.getProperty("os.name").regionMatches(true, 0, "windows", 0, 7)) {
// Use screen dpi, which is what the PrintJob tries to emulate
pagedpi = toolkit.getScreenResolution();
// Assume a 8.5" x 11" page size. A4 paper users must change this.
pagesize = new Dimension((int) (8.5 * pagedpi), 11 * pagedpi);
// We also have to adjust the fontsize. It is specified in points,
// (1 point = 1/72 of an inch) but Windows measures it in pixels.
fontsize = fontsize * pagedpi / 72;
}
// Compute coordinates of the upper-left corner of the page.
// I.e. the coordinates of (leftmargin, topmargin). Also compute
// the width and height inside of the margins.
x0 = (int) (leftmargin * pagedpi);
y0 = (int) (topmargin * pagedpi);
width = pagesize.width - (int) ((leftmargin + rightmargin) * pagedpi);
height = pagesize.height - (int) ((topmargin + bottommargin) * pagedpi);
// Get body font and font size
font = new Font("Monospaced", Font.PLAIN, fontsize);
metrics = frame.getFontMetrics(font);
lineheight = metrics.getHeight();
lineascent = metrics.getAscent();
charwidth = metrics.charWidth("0"); // Assumes a monospaced font!
// Now compute columns and lines will fit inside the margins
chars_per_line = width / charwidth;
lines_per_page = height / lineheight;
// Get header font information
// And compute baseline of page header: 1/8" above the top margin
headerfont = new Font("SansSerif", Font.ITALIC, fontsize);
headermetrics = frame.getFontMetrics(headerfont);
headery = y0 - (int) (0.125 * pagedpi) - headermetrics.getHeight() + headermetrics.getAscent();
// Compute the date/time string to display in the page header
DateFormat df = DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance(DateFormat.LONG, DateFormat.SHORT);
df.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getDefault());
time = df.format(new Date());
this.jobname = jobname; // save name
this.fontsize = fontsize; // save font size
}
/**
* This is the write() method of the stream. All Writer subclasses implement
* this. All other versions of write() are variants of this one
*/
public void write(char[] buffer, int index, int len) {
synchronized (this.lock) { // For thread safety
// Loop through all the characters passed to us
for (int i = index; i < index + len; i++) {
// If we haven"t begun a page (or a new page), do that now.
if (page == null)
newpage();
// If the character is a line terminator, then begin new line,
// unless it is a \n immediately after a \r.
if (buffer[i] == "\n") {
if (!last_char_was_return)
newline();
continue;
}
if (buffer[i] == "\r") {
newline();
last_char_was_return = true;
continue;
} else
last_char_was_return = false;
// If it some other non-printing character, ignore it.
if (Character.isWhitespace(buffer[i]) && !Character.isSpaceChar(buffer[i])
&& (buffer[i] != "\t"))
continue;
// If no more characters will fit on the line, start new line.
if (charnum >= chars_per_line) {
newline();
// Also start a new page, if necessary
if (page == null)
newpage();
}
// Now print the character:
// If it is a space, skip one space, without output.
// If it is a tab, skip the necessary number of spaces.
// Otherwise, print the character.
// It is inefficient to draw only one character at a time, but
// because our FontMetrics don"t match up exactly to what the
// printer uses we need to position each character individually
if (Character.isSpaceChar(buffer[i]))
charnum++;
else if (buffer[i] == "\t")
charnum += 8 - (charnum % 8);
else {
page.drawChars(buffer, i, 1, x0 + charnum * charwidth, y0 + (linenum * lineheight)
+ lineascent);
charnum++;
}
}
}
}
/**
* This is the flush() method that all Writer subclasses must implement. There
* is no way to flush a PrintJob without prematurely printing the page, so we
* don"t do anything.
*/
public void flush() { /* do nothing */
}
/**
* This is the close() method that all Writer subclasses must implement. Print
* the pending page (if any) and terminate the PrintJob.
*/
public void close() {
synchronized (this.lock) {
if (page != null)
page.dispose(); // Send page to the printer
job.end(); // Terminate the job
}
}
/**
* Set the font style. The argument should be one of the font style constants
* defined by the java.awt.Font class. All subsequent output will be in that
* style. This method relies on all styles of the Monospaced font having the
* same metrics.
*/
public void setFontStyle(int style) {
synchronized (this.lock) {
// Try to set a new font, but restore current one if it fails
Font current = font;
try {
font = new Font("Monospaced", style, fontsize);
} catch (Exception e) {
font = current;
}
// If a page is pending, set the new font. Otherwise newpage() will
if (page != null)
page.setFont(font);
}
}
/** End the current page. Subsequent output will be on a new page. */
public void pageBreak() {
synchronized (this.lock) {
newpage();
}
}
/** Return the number of columns of characters that fit on the page */
public int getCharactersPerLine() {
return this.chars_per_line;
}
/** Return the number of lines that fit on a page */
public int getLinesPerPage() {
return this.lines_per_page;
}
/** This internal method begins a new line */
protected void newline() {
charnum = 0; // Reset character number to 0
linenum++; // Increment line number
if (linenum >= lines_per_page) { // If we"ve reached the end of page
page.dispose(); // send page to printer
page = null; // but don"t start a new page yet.
}
}
/** This internal method begins a new page and prints the header. */
protected void newpage() {
page = job.getGraphics(); // Begin the new page
linenum = 0;
charnum = 0; // Reset line and char number
pagenum++; // Increment page number
page.setFont(headerfont); // Set the header font.
page.drawString(jobname, x0, headery); // Print job name left justified
String s = "- " + pagenum + " -"; // Print the page # centered.
int w = headermetrics.stringWidth(s);
page.drawString(s, x0 + (this.width - w) / 2, headery);
w = headermetrics.stringWidth(time); // Print date right justified
page.drawString(time, x0 + width - w, headery);
// Draw a line beneath the header
int y = headery + headermetrics.getDescent() + 1;
page.drawLine(x0, y, x0 + width, y);
// Set the basic monospaced font for the rest of the page.
page.setFont(font);
}
/**
* This is the exception class that the HardcopyWriter constructor throws when
* the user clicks "Cancel" in the print dialog box.
*/
public static class PrintCanceledException extends Exception {
public PrintCanceledException(String msg) {
super(msg);
}
}
/**
* A program that prints the specified file using HardcopyWriter
*/
public static class PrintFile {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
if (args.length != 1)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Wrong # of arguments");
FileReader in = new FileReader(args[0]);
HardcopyWriter out = null;
Frame f = new Frame("PrintFile: " + args[0]);
f.setSize(200, 50);
f.show();
try {
out = new HardcopyWriter(f, args[0], 10, .5, .5, .5, .5);
} catch (HardcopyWriter.PrintCanceledException e) {
System.exit(0);
}
f.setVisible(false);
char[] buffer = new char[4096];
int numchars;
while ((numchars = in.read(buffer)) != -1)
out.write(buffer, 0, numchars);
in.close();
out.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println(e);
System.err.println("Usage: " + "java HardcopyWriter$PrintFile <filename>");
System.exit(1);
}
System.exit(0);
}
}
/**
* A program that prints a demo page using HardcopyWriter
*/
public static class Demo extends Frame implements ActionListener {
/** The main method of the program. Create a test window */
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame f = new Demo();
f.show();
}
// Buttons used in this program
protected Button print, quit;
/** Constructor for the test program"s window. */
public Demo() {
super("HardcopyWriter Test"); // Call frame constructor
Panel p = new Panel(); // Add a panel to the frame
this.add(p, "Center"); // Center it
p.setFont(new Font("SansSerif", // Set a default font
Font.BOLD, 18));
print = new Button("Print Test Page"); // Create a Print button
quit = new Button("Quit"); // Create a Quit button
print.addActionListener(this); // Specify that we"ll handle
quit.addActionListener(this); // button presses
p.add(print); // Add the buttons to panel
p.add(quit);
this.pack(); // Set the frame size
}
/** Handle the button presses */
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
Object o = e.getSource();
if (o == quit)
System.exit(0);
else if (o == print)
printDemoPage();
}
/** Print the demo page */
public void printDemoPage() {
// Create a HardcopyWriter, using a 10 point font and 3/4" margins.
HardcopyWriter hw;
try {
hw = new HardcopyWriter(this, "Demo Page", 10, .75, .75, .75, .75);
} catch (HardcopyWriter.PrintCanceledException e) {
return;
}
// Send output to it through a PrintWriter stream
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(hw);
// Figure out the size of the page
int rows = hw.getLinesPerPage(), cols = hw.getCharactersPerLine();
// Mark upper left and upper-right corners
out.print("+"); // upper-left corner
for (int i = 0; i < cols - 2; i++)
out.print(" "); // space over
out.print("+"); // upper-right corner
// Display a title
hw.setFontStyle(Font.BOLD + Font.ITALIC);
out.println("\n\t\tHardcopy Writer Demo Page\n\n");
// Demonstrate font styles
hw.setFontStyle(Font.BOLD);
out.println("Font Styles:");
int[] styles = { Font.PLAIN, Font.BOLD, Font.ITALIC, Font.ITALIC + Font.BOLD };
for (int i = 0; i < styles.length; i++) {
hw.setFontStyle(styles[i]);
out.println("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" + "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz");
out.println("1234567890!@#$%^&*()[]{}<>,.?:;+-=/\\`"\"_~|");
}
hw.setFontStyle(Font.PLAIN);
out.println("\n");
// Demonstrate tab stops
hw.setFontStyle(Font.BOLD);
out.println("Tab Stops:");
hw.setFontStyle(Font.PLAIN);
out.println(" 1 2 3 4 5");
out.println("012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890");
out.println("^\t^\t^\t^\t^\t^\t^");
out.println("\n");
// Output some information about page dimensions and resolution
hw.setFontStyle(Font.BOLD);
out.println("Dimensions:");
hw.setFontStyle(Font.PLAIN);
out.println("\tResolution: " + hw.pagedpi + " dots per inch");
out.println("\tPage width (pixels): " + hw.pagesize.width);
out.println("\tPage height (pixels): " + hw.pagesize.height);
out.println("\tWidth inside margins (pixels): " + hw.width);
out.println("\tHeight inside margins (pixels): " + hw.height);
out.println("\tCharacters per line: " + cols);
out.println("\tLines per page: " + rows);
// Skip down to the bottom of the page
for (int i = 0; i < rows - 30; i++)
out.println();
// And mark the lower left and lower right
out.print("+"); // lower-left
for (int i = 0; i < cols - 2; i++)
out.print(" "); // space-over
out.print("+"); // lower-right
// Close the output stream, forcing the page to be printed
out.close();
}
}
}
</source>
Create an inputstream on the channel
<source lang="java">
import java.io.File; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.RandomAccessFile; import java.nio.channels.Channels; import java.nio.channels.FileChannel; public class Main {
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// Create a read/writeable file channel
File file = new File("filename");
FileChannel channel = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw").getChannel();
InputStream is = Channels.newInputStream(channel);
// Close the channel
is.close();
}
}
</source>
Create a private (copy-on-write) memory-mapped file.
<source lang="java">
import java.io.File; import java.io.RandomAccessFile; import java.nio.ByteBuffer; import java.nio.channels.FileChannel; public class Main {
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
File file = new File("filename");
FileChannel roChannel = new RandomAccessFile(file, "r").getChannel();
ByteBuffer readonlybuffer = roChannel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_ONLY, 0, (int) roChannel
.size());
FileChannel rwChannel = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw").getChannel();
ByteBuffer writeonlybuffer = rwChannel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, (int) rwChannel
.size());
// Create a private (copy-on-write) memory-mapped file.
FileChannel pvChannel = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw").getChannel();
ByteBuffer privatebuffer = roChannel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, (int) rwChannel
.size());
}
}
</source>
Create a read-only memory-mapped file
<source lang="java">
import java.io.File; import java.io.RandomAccessFile; import java.nio.ByteBuffer; import java.nio.channels.FileChannel; public class Main {
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
File file = new File("filename");
// Create a read-only memory-mapped file
FileChannel roChannel = new RandomAccessFile(file, "r").getChannel();
ByteBuffer readonlybuffer = roChannel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_ONLY, 0, (int) roChannel
.size());
}
}
</source>
Create a read-write memory-mapped file
<source lang="java">
import java.io.File; import java.io.RandomAccessFile; import java.nio.ByteBuffer; import java.nio.channels.FileChannel; public class Main {
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
File file = new File("filename");
// Create a read-write memory-mapped file
FileChannel rwChannel = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw").getChannel();
ByteBuffer writeonlybuffer = rwChannel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, (int) rwChannel
.size());
}
}
</source>
Creating a Stream from a Channel
<source lang="java">
import java.io.File; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.io.RandomAccessFile; import java.nio.channels.Channels; import java.nio.channels.FileChannel; public class Main {
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// Create a read/writeable file channel
File file = new File("filename");
FileChannel channel = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw").getChannel();
OutputStream os = Channels.newOutputStream(channel);
os.close();
}
}
</source>
Demonstrates file locking and simple file read and write operations using java.nio.channels.FileChannel
<source lang="java">
/*
* Copyright (c) 2004 David Flanagan. All rights reserved. * This code is from the book Java Examples in a Nutshell, 3nd Edition. * It is provided AS-IS, WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY either expressed or implied. * You may study, use, and modify it for any non-commercial purpose, * including teaching and use in open-source projects. * You may distribute it non-commercially as long as you retain this notice. * For a commercial use license, or to purchase the book, * please visit http://www.davidflanagan.ru/javaexamples3. */
//package je3.nio; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.RandomAccessFile; import java.nio.ByteBuffer; import java.nio.channels.FileChannel; import java.nio.channels.FileLock; /**
* Lock.java: this class demonstrates file locking and simple file read and * write operations using java.nio.channels.FileChannel. It uses file locking to * prevent two instances of the program from running at the same time. */
public class Lock {
public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
RandomAccessFile file = null; // The file we"ll lock
FileChannel f = null; // The channel to the file
FileLock lock = null; // The lock object we hold
try { // The finally clause closes the channel and releases the lock
// We use a temporary file as the lock file.
String tmpdir = System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir");
String filename = Lock.class.getName() + ".lock";
File lockfile = new File(tmpdir, filename);
// Create a FileChannel that can read and write that file.
// Note that we rely on the java.io package to open the file,
// in read/write mode, and then just get a channel from it.
// This will create the file if it doesn"t exit. We"ll arrange
// for it to be deleted below, if we succeed in locking it.
file = new RandomAccessFile(lockfile, "rw");
f = file.getChannel();
// Try to get an exclusive lock on the file.
// This method will return a lock or null, but will not block.
// See also FileChannel.lock() for a blocking variant.
lock = f.tryLock();
if (lock != null) {
// We obtained the lock, so arrange to delete the file when
// we"re done, and then write the approximate time at which
// we"ll relinquish the lock into the file.
lockfile.deleteOnExit(); // Just a temporary file
// First, we need a buffer to hold the timestamp
ByteBuffer bytes = ByteBuffer.allocate(8); // a long is 8 bytes
// Put the time in the buffer and flip to prepare for writing
// Note that many Buffer methods can be "chained" like this.
bytes.putLong(System.currentTimeMillis() + 10000).flip();
f.write(bytes); // Write the buffer contents to the channel
f.force(false); // Force them out to the disk
} else {
// We didn"t get the lock, which means another instance is
// running. First, let the user know this.
System.out.println("Another instance is already running");
// Next, we attempt to read the file to figure out how much
// longer the other instance will be running. Since we don"t
// have a lock, the read may fail or return inconsistent data.
try {
ByteBuffer bytes = ByteBuffer.allocate(8);
f.read(bytes); // Read 8 bytes from the file
bytes.flip(); // Flip buffer before extracting bytes
long exittime = bytes.getLong(); // Read bytes as a long
// Figure out how long that time is from now and round
// it to the nearest second.
long secs = (exittime - System.currentTimeMillis() + 500) / 1000;
// And tell the user about it.
System.out.println("Try again in about " + secs + " seconds");
} catch (IOException e) {
// This probably means that locking is enforced by the OS
// and we were prevented from reading the file.
}
// This is an abnormal exit, so set an exit code.
System.exit(1);
}
// Simulate a real application by sleeping for 10 seconds.
System.out.println("Starting...");
Thread.sleep(10000);
System.out.println("Exiting.");
} finally {
// Always release the lock and close the file
// Closing the RandomAccessFile also closes its FileChannel.
if (lock != null && lock.isValid())
lock.release();
if (file != null)
file.close();
}
}
}
</source>
Get FileChannel from FileOutputStream and FileInputStream
<source lang="java">
import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.nio.ByteBuffer; import java.nio.channels.FileChannel; public class CopyChannels {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String fromFileName = "from.txt";
String toFileName = "to.txt";
FileChannel in = new FileInputStream(fromFileName).getChannel();
FileChannel out = new FileOutputStream(toFileName).getChannel();
ByteBuffer buff = ByteBuffer.allocate(32 * 1024);
while (in.read(buff) > 0) {
buff.flip();
out.write(buff);
buff.clear();
}
in.close();
out.close();
}
}
</source>
Performs a straightforward copy operation
<source lang="java">
import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.nio.channels.FileChannel; public class Copy {
public static void main(String[] args) {
FileChannel in = null;
FileChannel out = null;
if (args.length < 2) {
System.out.println("Usage: java Copy <from> <to>");
System.exit(1);
}
try {
in = new FileInputStream(args[0]).getChannel();
out = new FileOutputStream(args[1]).getChannel();
out.transferFrom(in, 0L, (int) in.size());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
</source>
Read bytes from the specified channel, decode them using the specified Charset, and write the resulting characters to the specified writer
<source lang="java">
/*
* Copyright (c) 2004 David Flanagan. All rights reserved. * This code is from the book Java Examples in a Nutshell, 3nd Edition. * It is provided AS-IS, WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY either expressed or implied. * You may study, use, and modify it for any non-commercial purpose, * including teaching and use in open-source projects. * You may distribute it non-commercially as long as you retain this notice. * For a commercial use license, or to purchase the book, * please visit http://www.davidflanagan.ru/javaexamples3. */
//package je3.nio; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.OutputStreamWriter; import java.io.Writer; import java.nio.ByteBuffer; import java.nio.CharBuffer; import java.nio.channels.FileChannel; import java.nio.channels.ReadableByteChannel; import java.nio.charset.Charset; import java.nio.charset.CharsetDecoder; import java.nio.charset.CodingErrorAction; public class ChannelToWriter {
/**
* Read bytes from the specified channel, decode them using the specified
* Charset, and write the resulting characters to the specified writer
*/
public static void copy(ReadableByteChannel channel, Writer writer, Charset charset)
throws IOException {
// Get and configure the CharsetDecoder we"ll use
CharsetDecoder decoder = charset.newDecoder();
decoder.onMalformedInput(CodingErrorAction.IGNORE);
decoder.onUnmappableCharacter(CodingErrorAction.IGNORE);
// Get the buffers we"ll use, and the backing array for the CharBuffer.
ByteBuffer bytes = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(2 * 1024);
CharBuffer chars = CharBuffer.allocate(2 * 1024);
char[] array = chars.array();
while (channel.read(bytes) != -1) { // Read from channel until EOF
bytes.flip(); // Switch to drain mode for decoding
// Decode the byte buffer into the char buffer.
// Pass false to indicate that we"re not done.
decoder.decode(bytes, chars, false);
// Put the char buffer into drain mode, and write its contents
// to the Writer, reading them from the backing array.
chars.flip();
writer.write(array, chars.position(), chars.remaining());
// Discard all bytes we decoded, and put the byte buffer back into
// fill mode. Since all characters were output, clear that buffer.
bytes.rupact(); // Discard decoded bytes
chars.clear(); // Clear the character buffer
}
// At this point there may still be some bytes in the buffer to decode
// So put the buffer into drain mode call decode() a final time, and
// finish with a flush().
bytes.flip();
decoder.decode(bytes, chars, true); // True means final call
decoder.flush(chars); // Flush any buffered chars
// Write these final chars (if any) to the writer.
chars.flip();
writer.write(array, chars.position(), chars.remaining());
writer.flush();
}
// A test method: copy a UTF-8 file to standard out
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
FileChannel c = new FileInputStream(args[0]).getChannel();
OutputStreamWriter w = new OutputStreamWriter(System.out);
Charset utf8 = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
ChannelToWriter.copy(c, w, utf8);
c.close();
w.close();
}
}
</source>
Transfer between FileChannel
<source lang="java">
import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.nio.channels.FileChannel; public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String fromFileName = "from.txt";
String toFileName = "to.txt";
FileChannel in = new FileInputStream(fromFileName).getChannel();
FileChannel out = new FileOutputStream(toFileName).getChannel();
in.transferTo(0, (int) in.size(), out);
in.close();
out.close();
}
}
</source>
Using FileChannels to Access a File
<source lang="java">
import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.ByteBuffer; import java.nio.channels.FileChannel; public class Main {
public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("FileChannelExample.java");
FileChannel fc = fis.getChannel();
ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocate((int) fc.size());
fc.read(bb);
bb.flip();
String fileContent = new String(bb.array());
fc.close();
fc = null;
System.out.println("fileContent = " + fileContent);
}
}
</source>
Write to a file using FileChannel.
<source lang="java">
import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.ByteBuffer; import java.nio.channels.FileChannel; public class ExplicitChannelWrite {
public static void main(String args[]) {
FileOutputStream fOut;
FileChannel fChan;
ByteBuffer mBuf;
try {
fOut = new FileOutputStream("test.txt");
fChan = fOut.getChannel();
mBuf = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(26);
for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++)
mBuf.put((byte) ("A" + i));
mBuf.rewind();
fChan.write(mBuf);
fChan.close();
fOut.close();
} catch (IOException exc) {
System.out.println(exc);
System.exit(1);
}
}
}
</source>
