Java Tutorial/Swing/JMenuBar
Содержание
- 1 Adding Menus to and Removing Menus From Menu Bars
- 2 Creating JMenuBar Components
- 3 Customize menu layout by changing the menu bar to use a top-to-bottom box layout, and the popup menu to use a left-to-right box layout
- 4 Customizing JMenuBar Look and Feel
- 5 Menu Accelerator
- 6 Shows how to right-align a menu in the menu bar, using a glue component
- 7 Vertical menu bar
Adding Menus to and Removing Menus From Menu Bars
If you do add or remove menus, you must then revalidate() the menu bar to display the changes.
<source lang="java">
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JMenu; import javax.swing.JMenuBar; public class AddingRemovingJMenu {
public static void main(final String args[]) { JFrame frame = new JFrame("MenuSample Example"); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar(); // File Menu, F - Mnemonic JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File"); fileMenu.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_F); menuBar.add(fileMenu); JMenu editMenu = new JMenu("Edit"); menuBar.add(editMenu); menuBar.remove(0); menuBar.revalidate(); frame.setJMenuBar(menuBar); frame.setSize(350, 250); frame.setVisible(true); }
}</source>
Creating JMenuBar Components
<source lang="java">
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JMenu; import javax.swing.JMenuBar; import javax.swing.JMenuItem; public class MenuCreation {
public static void main(final String args[]) { JFrame frame = new JFrame("MenuSample Example"); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar(); // File Menu, F - Mnemonic JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File"); fileMenu.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_F); menuBar.add(fileMenu); // File->New, N - Mnemonic JMenuItem newMenuItem = new JMenuItem("New", KeyEvent.VK_N); fileMenu.add(newMenuItem); frame.setJMenuBar(menuBar); frame.setSize(350, 250); frame.setVisible(true); }
}</source>
<source lang="java">
/*
* * Copyright (c) 1998 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. * * Sun grants you ("Licensee") a non-exclusive, royalty free, license to use, * modify and redistribute this software in source and binary code form, * provided that i) this copyright notice and license appear on all copies of * the software; and ii) Licensee does not utilize the software in a manner * which is disparaging to Sun. * * This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any kind. ALL * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY * IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR * NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. SUN AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE * LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING * OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES. IN NO EVENT WILL SUN OR ITS * LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA, OR FOR DIRECT, * INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER * CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF * OR INABILITY TO USE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. * * This software is not designed or intended for use in on-line control of * aircraft, air traffic, aircraft navigation or aircraft communications; or in * the design, construction, operation or maintenance of any nuclear * facility. Licensee represents and warrants that it will not use or * redistribute the Software for such purposes. */
import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Container; import java.awt.Dimension; import javax.swing.BorderFactory; import javax.swing.BoxLayout; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JMenu; import javax.swing.JMenuBar; import javax.swing.JPopupMenu; /**
* @author ges * @author kwalrath */
/* MenuLayoutDemo.java requires no other files. */ public class MenuLayoutDemo {
public JMenuBar createMenuBar() { JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar(); menuBar.setLayout(new BoxLayout(menuBar, BoxLayout.PAGE_AXIS)); menuBar.add(createMenu("Menu 1")); menuBar.add(createMenu("Menu 2")); menuBar.add(createMenu("Menu 3")); menuBar.setBorder(BorderFactory.createMatteBorder(0, 0, 0, 1, Color.BLACK)); return menuBar; } // used by createMenuBar public JMenu createMenu(String title) { JMenu m = new HorizontalMenu(title); m.add("Menu item #1 in " + title); m.add("Menu item #2 in " + title); m.add("Menu item #3 in " + title); JMenu submenu = new HorizontalMenu("Submenu"); submenu.add("Submenu item #1"); submenu.add("Submenu item #2"); m.add(submenu); return m; } /** * Create the GUI and show it. For thread safety, this method should be * invoked from the event-dispatching thread. */ private static void createAndShowGUI() { // Create and set up the window. JFrame frame = new JFrame("MenuLayoutDemo"); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); // Create and set up the content pane. MenuLayoutDemo demo = new MenuLayoutDemo(); Container contentPane = frame.getContentPane(); contentPane.setBackground(Color.WHITE); // contrasting bg contentPane.add(demo.createMenuBar(), BorderLayout.LINE_START); // Display the window. frame.setSize(300, 150); frame.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args) { // Schedule a job for the event-dispatching thread: // creating and showing this application"s GUI. javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() { public void run() { createAndShowGUI(); } }); } class HorizontalMenu extends JMenu { HorizontalMenu(String label) { super(label); JPopupMenu pm = getPopupMenu(); pm.setLayout(new BoxLayout(pm, BoxLayout.LINE_AXIS)); } public Dimension getMinimumSize() { return getPreferredSize(); } public Dimension getMaximumSize() { return getPreferredSize(); } public void setPopupMenuVisible(boolean b) { boolean isVisible = isPopupMenuVisible(); if (b != isVisible) { if ((b == true) && isShowing()) { // Set location of popupMenu (pulldown or pullright). // Perhaps this should be dictated by L&F. int x = 0; int y = 0; Container parent = getParent(); if (parent instanceof JPopupMenu) { x = 0; y = getHeight(); } else { x = getWidth(); y = 0; } getPopupMenu().show(this, x, y); } else { getPopupMenu().setVisible(false); } } } }
}</source>
Customizing JMenuBar Look and Feel
Property StringObject TypeMenuBar.actionMapActionMapMenuBar.backgroundColorMenuBar.borderBorderMenuBar.borderColorColorMenuBar.darkShadowColorMenuBar.fontFontMenuBar.foregroundColorMenuBar.gradientListMenuBar.highlightColorMenuBar.shadowColorMenuBar.windowBindingsObject[ ]MenuBarUIString
Menu Accelerator
<source lang="java">
import java.awt.Event; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter; import java.awt.event.WindowEvent; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JLabel; import javax.swing.JMenu; import javax.swing.JMenuBar; import javax.swing.JMenuItem; import javax.swing.KeyStroke; public class MenuAcceleratorKeyStroke extends JFrame {
public MenuAcceleratorKeyStroke() { setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); JMenuBar bar = new JMenuBar(); JMenu menu = new JMenu("File"); menu.setMnemonic("f"); bar.add(menu); JMenuItem exit = new JMenuItem("Exit"); exit.setMnemonic("x"); exit.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { System.out.println("Exit performed"); MenuAcceleratorKeyStroke.this.dispose(); System.exit(0); } }); menu.add(exit); menu = new JMenu("Edit"); menu.setMnemonic("e"); bar.add(menu); EditListener l = new EditListener(); JMenuItem mi; mi = menu.add(new JMenuItem("Cut", "t")); mi.setAccelerator(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_X, Event.CTRL_MASK)); mi.addActionListener(l); mi = menu.add(new JMenuItem("Copy", "c")); mi.setAccelerator(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_C, Event.CTRL_MASK)); mi.addActionListener(l); mi = menu.add(new JMenuItem("Paste", "p")); mi.setAccelerator(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_V, Event.CTRL_MASK)); mi.addActionListener(l); setJMenuBar(bar); getContentPane().add(new JLabel("A placeholder")); pack(); setSize(300, 300); setVisible(true); } private class EditListener implements ActionListener { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { System.out.println(e.getActionCommand()); } } public static void main(String arg[]) { new MenuAcceleratorKeyStroke(); }
}</source>
<source lang="java">
/*
* * Copyright (c) 1998 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. * * Sun grants you ("Licensee") a non-exclusive, royalty free, license to use, * modify and redistribute this software in source and binary code form, * provided that i) this copyright notice and license appear on all copies of * the software; and ii) Licensee does not utilize the software in a manner * which is disparaging to Sun. * * This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any kind. ALL * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY * IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR * NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. SUN AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE * LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING * OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES. IN NO EVENT WILL SUN OR ITS * LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA, OR FOR DIRECT, * INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER * CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF * OR INABILITY TO USE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. * * This software is not designed or intended for use in on-line control of * aircraft, air traffic, aircraft navigation or aircraft communications; or in * the design, construction, operation or maintenance of any nuclear * facility. Licensee represents and warrants that it will not use or * redistribute the Software for such purposes. */
import javax.swing.Box; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JMenu; import javax.swing.JMenuBar; /**
* @author ges * @author kwalrath */
/* MenuGlueDemo.java requires no other files. */ public class MenuGlueDemo {
public JMenuBar createMenuBar() { JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar(); menuBar.add(createMenu("Menu 1")); menuBar.add(createMenu("Menu 2")); menuBar.add(Box.createHorizontalGlue()); menuBar.add(createMenu("Menu 3")); return menuBar; } public JMenu createMenu(String title) { JMenu m = new JMenu(title); m.add("Menu item #1 in " + title); m.add("Menu item #2 in " + title); m.add("Menu item #3 in " + title); return m; } /** * Create the GUI and show it. For thread safety, this method should be * invoked from the event-dispatching thread. */ private static void createAndShowGUI() { // Create and set up the window. JFrame frame = new JFrame("MenuGlueDemo"); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); // Create and set up the content pane. MenuGlueDemo demo = new MenuGlueDemo(); frame.setContentPane(demo.createMenuBar()); // Display the window. frame.setSize(300, 100); frame.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args) { // Schedule a job for the event-dispatching thread: // creating and showing this application"s GUI. javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() { public void run() { createAndShowGUI(); } }); }
}</source>
If you want a vertical menu bar, simply change the LayoutManager of the menu bar component.
<source lang="java">
import java.awt.GridLayout; import java.awt.LayoutManager; import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JMenu; import javax.swing.JMenuBar; class VerticalMenuBar extends JMenuBar {
private static final LayoutManager grid = new GridLayout(0,1); public VerticalMenuBar() { setLayout(grid); }
}
public class VerticalMenuBarDemo {
public static void main(final String args[]) { JFrame frame = new JFrame("MenuSample Example"); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); JMenuBar menuBar = new VerticalMenuBar(); // File Menu, F - Mnemonic JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File"); fileMenu.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_F); menuBar.add(fileMenu); JMenu editMenu = new JMenu("Edit"); menuBar.add(editMenu); frame.setJMenuBar(menuBar); frame.setSize(350, 250); frame.setVisible(true); }
}</source>